Qaitbay Citadel is a medieval fortress built on the site of one of the wonders of the world. The Pharos Lighthouse stood here — and its stones became the fort's foundation.

Wonder of the World

The Alexandria Lighthouse was built in the 3rd century BC. About 130 meters tall. One of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Earthquakes destroyed it by the 15th century.

Building the Fortress

In 1477, Mamluk Sultan Qaitbay built a fortress on the lighthouse site. Builders used lighthouse stones — visible in fort walls.

Architecture

Typical Mamluk fortress: thick walls, corner towers, inner courtyard. Insi...