Colca Canyon is one of the deepest canyons in the world at up to 3,400 meters deep - twice as deep as the Grand Canyon. It is famous for Andean condor sightings at Cruz del Cóndor viewpoint, where these majestic birds ride thermal currents at eye level. The canyon features traditional villages, pre-Inca agricultural terraces still in use today, and hot springs at La Calera. The drive from Arequipa takes 3-4 hours through dramatic volcanic landscapes.