Al Masmak Fortress is a historic mud-brick fortress dating back to 1865 and a symbol of the founding of modern Saudi Arabia. In 1902, King Abdulaziz led a daring raid to capture the fortress - a moment considered the beginning of the Kingdom's unification. Today it serves as a museum displaying historical maps, weapons, spears, and rare photographs. The spearhead that broke in the gate during the famous battle remains embedded in the wooden door.